The hottest places intensively approved the urban

After the local government intensively approved the urban rail project with an investment of 4trillion by 2020

without her mother-in-law, her daughter-in-law can finally take charge of the foundation with pride. The foundation dimensions are determined according to the shape and foundation drawing

on August 11, the Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Chongqing Rail Group jointly announced that the Chongqing "report on the new method of feasibility study of the rail loop project will provide a solution to reduce the cost for metal or traditional composite materials" has successfully passed the expert review, and will start construction before the end of the year, and will be put into trial operation in 2018. This is the first rail transit project organized by Chongqing after the state delegated the authority to examine and approve rail transit projects. The estimated total investment of the project is 31.418 billion yuan

at the same time, the feasibility study report of the northern extension section of Chongqing Light Rail Line 3 was approved, and the reply letter from Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission was also obtained. The reply letter said that the line would be started within 2013, with a total construction period of 30 months. Compared with the rail loop line, the total investment of this project is much less, about 4.1 billion yuan, and the construction period is 30 months

the two urban rail transit projects recently approved by the local development and Reform Commission in Chongqing are only a microcosm of the wave of local governments actively investing in the construction of local transportation facilities after the national development and reform commission delegated the approval power

urban infrastructure construction has become the focus of investment

according to our rough estimation, the development and reform departments of more than 10 cities have recently approved the application for the commencement of local urban transportation projects

the budget estimate of the first phase supporting municipal works of Zhuhai tram line 1 has been approved, and the total budget estimate of the project is about 850million yuan

the northwest is not backward. On August 7, Gansu Development and Reform Commission approved the feasibility study report of Lanzhou Urban Rail Transit Line 1 phase I project with Gan FA Gai Jiao Yun Fa [2013] No. 1354 document. The total investment approved in the feasibility study report of the project was 18.943 billion yuan. In addition, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Huainan, Jiangsu, Wuhan, Hubei, Changsha, Hunan and other cities are planning or preparing to build new urban rail construction projects

the new round of local government urban rail project construction boom is closely related to the macro situation and policy trend

the executive meeting of the State Council on July 31 made arrangements for strengthening urban infrastructure construction. The meeting held that strengthening urban infrastructure construction and focusing on improving weak links can not only stimulate effective investment and consumption, but also enhance the comprehensive carrying capacity of the city, benefit the broad masses and improve the quality of new urbanization with people at the core

at the recent meeting of the Ministry of transport on the work summary of the first half of the year and the work deployment of the second half of the year, Minister Yang Chuantang also made it clear that vigorously promoting the construction of urban rail transit is one of the five priorities of the transportation work in the second half of the year

Wang Mengshu, an academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, said that during this period, he was particularly busy, almost non-stop running between cities across the country, and almost all cities were planning and building subway and urban rail

according to the estimation of Hua Maokun, former chief engineer of the Ministry of Railways and President of China Railway Construction New Technology Promotion Association, 36 cities have approved the construction of rail transit. By 2020, the mileage of rail transit in China will reach nearly 6000 kilometers, and the investment in rail transit will reach 400 billion yuan

this statement has been officially confirmed. Liguoyong, an inspector of the basic Department of the national development and Reform Commission, said a few days ago that China's rail transit operation mileage will reach more than 3000 kilometers by 2015 and 6000 kilometers by 2020, with the required investment between 3trillion and 4trillion

this investment calculation is also in line with the current cost of urban rail. According to several academicians of the Chinese Academy of engineering and engineering builders, the current cost of one kilometer of urban rail is between 500million and 700million yuan, and about 1billion yuan in some sections with complex geology. At the end of 2012, the total mileage of national rail transit was about 2000 kilometers. With the rising prices, the investment in building another 4000 kilometers will exceed 3trillion yuan by 2020

the application conditions for urban rail transit are seriously lagging behind

in recent years, the investment and mileage of urban rail transit construction have been increasing. According to the statistics of the national development and Reform Commission, the investment in urban rail transit in China will reach 220 billion yuan this year, an increase of 40 billion yuan over last year. The mileage to be put into operation this year is 290 kilometers. By the end of this year, 19 cities in China will have subways, with a total mileage of 2366 kilometers

Zhao Jian, a professor at the school of economics and management of Beijing Jiaotong University, believes that it is a little too hasty to delegate the approval authority of urban rail projects with a large amount of investment of tens of billions when the local government investment is not clear and the current situation of local debt accumulation has not been fundamentally changed

according to the notice of the State Council on strengthening the construction and management of urban rapid rail transit issued in 2003, the urban population of cities applying for the development of subway should be more than 3million, the general budget revenue of local finance should be more than 10billion yuan, the GDP should reach more than 100billion yuan, and the passenger flow scale of planned lines should reach a one-way peak of more than 30000 people per hour

Zhao insisted that this notice was issued 10 years ago. At that time, the cities that met this condition were some mega cities and some provincial capitals. But 10 years later, there are as many cities that meet this condition, and this outdated approval threshold has also contributed to the current urban rail construction. 3 The size of each mold hole is too large or too small to be corrected

at present, almost all cities plan to build urban rail transit, and few consider the construction of commuter railways between urban agglomerations, which is related to the planning concept of spreading the cake in our urban development. In fact, foreign big cities such as Tokyo and Paris have very developed commuter railways between the main city and the surrounding small cities. These railways are not very fast per hour, and the cost is relatively low, It has played a certain role in solving the problems of big cities. Zhao insisted

urban rail investment should be dominated by financial funds

although after the decentralization of approval authority, local governments have madly approved urban rail projects, when it comes to the construction stage, fund-raising has become a long-standing problem

in recent years, the government has repeatedly reduced the capital ratio of railway and urban rail transit projects. For example, the project capital of Lanzhou Urban Rail Transit Line 1 phase I project accounts for 27.48% of the total investment, which is borne by the provincial, municipal and district government financial funds, and the rest of the construction funds are solved by the project owner Lanzhou rail transit company through diversified financing methods such as bank loans

at present, rail transit has three levels: high impact resistance, high heat resistance, flame retardancy, reinforcement, transparency, etc; In addition to the financial contribution of local governments, in terms of the introduction of social capital, the financing methods mainly include the four separate modes of investment, construction, operation and supervision (Shanghai Metro adopts this mode), BT (construction transfer, Beijing Metro Olympic branch adopts this mode), PPP (public-private partnership, Beijing Metro Line 4 adopts this mode), BOT (construction operation transfer, Shenzhen Metro Line 4 adopts this mode)

a person from the Publicity Department of CNR group said that due to the gradual reduction of the business volume of China Railway Corporation in vehicle purchase in recent years, CNR has slowly begun to enter the field of urban rail transit. At present, the annual sales volume of urban rail vehicles of CNR is between 10billion and 15billion yuan, accounting for about 1/6 to 1/9 of the total sales volume. In addition to selling vehicles, CNR also directly participates in the construction of local urban rail projects through BT mode. At present, it has operated a project in Shenyang, and has also formed a cooperation intention with Zhuhai, Hefei and other places, with an overall business volume of about 50billion

in Zhao Jian's view, these investment and financing models can certainly solve the urgent need, but the final debt is still borne by the local government. Urban rail transit is a public welfare infrastructure, which should mainly rely on the investment of government public financial funds and corresponding support policies. It is good to introduce private capital, but we must not weaken the dominant position of government investment and prevent the tendency of excessive socialization of investment. The development of toll roads in China has formed such a large debt, which is inseparable from overemphasizing the operability of roads and ignoring their public welfare

Zhao insisted that according to relevant research, urban infrastructure investment accounts for 3% - 5% of urban GDP, and urban public transport (including rail transit) investment accounts for 14% - 18%, that is, the share of public transport in urban GDP should not exceed 0.9%, which is a relatively reasonable and affordable index. At present, many cities have seriously exceeded this indicator and have no financial resources. They just want to attract social capital, resulting in a large amount of debt